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<title>Clinical-Experimental-Gastroenterology-Hepatology-ISSUE VOLUME 	Volume 1 ISSUE Issue 1</title>
<link>http://jceg.edwiserinternational.com/rss-feed.php</link>
<description>
Clinical-Experimental-Gastroenterology-Hepatology: VOLUME 	Volume 1 ISSUE Issue 1, Jan-Dec 2019
</description>
<language>en-us</language>
<managingEditor>editor@edwiserinternational.com</managingEditor>
<webMaster>editor@edwiserinternational.com</webMaster>
<copyright>editor@edwiserinternational.com</copyright>
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<title>Clinical-Experimental-Gastroenterology-Hepatology-ISSUE VOLUME 	Volume 1 ISSUE Issue 1</title>
<link>http://jceg.edwiserinternational.com/rss-feed.php</link>
<url>http://jceg.edwiserinternational.com/img/logo1.png</url>
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		<title>Long-term-Management-of-Pouchitis-Associated-Diarrhea-with-Serum-Derived-Bovine-ImmunoglobulinProtein-Isolate</title>
		<pubDate>25-Sep-2019</pubDate>
<link>http://jceg.edwiserinternational.com/admin/uploads/AJDpTn.pdf</link>
		<author>Good-L-Panas-RM</author>
		<comments>{http://www.edwiserinternational.com/contact-us.php}</comments>
		<category>Medical Science,Clinical Science</category>
		<description>{<![CDATA[For many patients with inflammatory bowel disease, the need for a proctocolectomy with the establishment of a J-pouch is a necessary procedure. In some patients, an inflammatory condition of the J-pouch known as pouchitis contributes to symptoms that include bloody diarrhea, urgency, dehydration and endoscopic evidence of inflammation. The specific cause of pouchitis is unknown, and there is also no universally accepted or FDA-approved treatment for pouchitis. As such, many patients are managed empirically with multiple medication regimens. Ten patients with pouchitis, who experienced flares and poor management of their condition with conventional drug treatments, had severe, unremitting chronic diarrhea. It was not until the addition of serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI) that 8 of 10 patients experienced satisfactory management of their pouchitis-associated diarrhea. An ongoing analysis of 7 of these 10 patients for up to 5 years found that 5 of these patients experienced ongoing management of their diarrhea associated with pouchitis with no reports of any flares with the remaining 2 patients reporting a few minor flares. One patient out of the 5 analyzed was able to discontinue all adjunctive therapies. Three of the 10 original patients were lost-to-follow up or moved out of state and no further details were available for ongoing analysis. As a medical food, SBI is not intended for the specific treatment of pouchitis, but these patients demonstrate beneficial effects in the long-term management of diarrhea-associated with pouchitis.]]>}</description>
		</item><item>
		<title>Belladonna-Alkaloids-and-Phenobarbital-Use-in-the-Treatment-of-Irritable-Bowel-Syndrome-A-Review</title>
		<pubDate>18-Mar-2019</pubDate>
<link>http://jceg.edwiserinternational.com/admin/uploads/5dUyYg.pdf</link>
		<author>Panas-RM-Brewer-A-III-Goldenson-R-et-al</author>
		<comments>{http://www.edwiserinternational.com/contact-us.php}</comments>
		<category>Medical Science,Clinical Science</category>
		<description>{<![CDATA[The etiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is still not well-understood even with recent advances in treatments for IBS with constipation (IBS-C) and IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D). Irritable bowel syndrome is a multifaceted condition characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. Consequently, no single treatment sufficiently manages IBS in a majority of patients. One option for treatment of IBS is to use a combination of different drugs or an all-in-one combination drug to help treat multiple aspects of the syndrome. Combination drugs which affect the brain-gut connection as well as an anticholinergic mechanism are standard-of-care for the treatment of IBS. They represent viable alternatives to newly approved agents. Even though drugs such as a combination of belladonna alkaloids/phenobarbital or Donnatal, are used safely and effectively to manage IBS, their history of clinical investigation and results are not well-recognized by the field of gastroenterology given the lack of recent studies. This review is meant to update the field on the breadth of studies conducted on this combination drug for IBS.]]>}</description>
		</item><item>
		<title>Biliary-Dyskinesia-An-Overlooked-Disorder</title>
		<pubDate>18-Mar-2019</pubDate>
<link>http://jceg.edwiserinternational.com/admin/uploads/O8sDPX.pdf</link>
		<author>Elmore-H-Avery-D-Josephat-F-et-al</author>
		<comments>{http://www.edwiserinternational.com/contact-us.php}</comments>
		<category>Medical Science,Clinical Science</category>
		<description>{<![CDATA[Biliary Dyskinesia (BD) is a disorder of the gallbladder that is characterized by inflammation, abnormal contraction and emptying of the gallbladder, and failure of proper movement of the Sphincter of Oddi, which results in reduced emptying of the gallbladder. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, upper right quadrant pain, and lower abdominal cramping. Because these symptoms are common among a number of disorders, proper diagnosis is difficult, and diagnosis becomes even more difficult since the two diagnostic tests that can detect BD can only be administered upon a physicians suspicion.Methods: Therefore, this study was conducted to survey BD sufferers in order to identify common symptoms, age of onset, and efficacy of treatment. The survey was administered in person and respondents were informed that the results would be compiled, analysed and submitted for publication. Results: Our study showed that the average age of onset is 15 and that patients suffered an average of 4 years before a proper diagnosis was rendered. BD sufferers shared common symptoms which consisted of nausea, lower abdominal cramping, upper quadrant pain, loss of appetite, bloating, and extreme pain after eating. BD was often misdiagnosed or overlooked, and the only test that provided the correct diagnosis in each case was the CCK-HIDA test. The most common prescribed treatment was cholecystectomy and it only provided partial relief.Conclusion: Thus, a teenager that complains about nausea, lower abdominal cramping, upper quadrant pain, loss of appetite, bloating and extreme pain after eating should first be tested with the CCK-HIDA test in order to rule out BD and to avoid years of needless pain.]]>}</description>
		</item><item>
		<title>Serological-Differential-Diagnosis-of-Autoimmune-Liver-Diseases-by-Line-Blot-Immunoassay-for-Parallel-Detection-of-Nine-Different-Autoantibodies</title>
		<pubDate>18-Mar-2019</pubDate>
<link>http://jceg.edwiserinternational.com/admin/uploads/OmLMjh.pdf</link>
		<author>Velikova-T-Ivanova-Todorova-E-Kancheva-L-et-al</author>
		<comments>{http://www.edwiserinternational.com/contact-us.php}</comments>
		<category>Medical Science,Clinical Science</category>
		<description>{<![CDATA[We aimed to evaluate a multiparametric test system for diagnosing autoimmune liver diseases in a Bulgarian cohort of patients. Methods: We investigated serum samples of 67 consecutive patients: twenty with autoimmune liver diseases (autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), fourty-seven with liver cirrhosis or viral hepatitis, and 20 healthy persons for the presence of antibodies against AMA-M2, M2-3E(BPO), Sp100, PML, gp210, LKM-1, LC-1, SLA/LP and Ro-52 by line blot technique, and AMA, anti-ASMA, ANA, and LKM antibodies by Indirect Immunofluorescence technique (IIF). Results: Twelve out of thirteen AIH patients showed antibodies against at least one of the tested antibodies (antibodies against SLA/LP, LKM-1, and anti-Ro52 (line blot), whereas 80% of them were positive for ANA and/or ASMA (IIF). We detected six out of six positive samples in the PBC group: for AMA-M2, anti-M2-3E (BPO), anti-Sp100 and anti-gp210. The PSC patient, as well as viral hepatitis group, stayed seronegative. We found a moderate correlation (r=0.67) and 100% coincidence between the results for AMA-M2 and LKM-1 antibodies testing by line blot and IIF. Conclusion: The investigated line immunoblot represents a useful diagnostic tool for AIH and PBC contributing positively to gold standard methods such as IIF.]]>}</description>
		</item><item>
		<title>Baseline-Hepatic-Levels-of-miR-29b-and-Claudin-are-Respectively-Associated-with-the-Stage-of-Fibrosis-and-HCV-RNA-in-Hepatitis-C</title>
		<pubDate>25-Sep-2019</pubDate>
<link>http://jceg.edwiserinternational.com/admin/uploads/5FAObh.pdf</link>
		<author>Sendi-H-Mehrab-Mohseni-M-Russo-MW-et-al</author>
		<comments>{http://www.edwiserinternational.com/contact-us.php}</comments>
		<category>Medical Science,Clinical Science</category>
		<description>{<![CDATA[We sought to determine if the baseline hepatic levels of miR-122, miR-29b, Claudin, Occludin, Protein Kinase R (PKR) or PKR activator (PRKRA) were correlated with HCV RNA or stage of fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). A total of 25 CHC patients (genotype 1) who were treatment nave at the time of sample collection enrolled in this study. By multivariate analysis, CLDN RNA was found as the single independent factor positively correlated with HCV RNA levels (p=0.003), while hepatic miR-29b levels was found as the single independent factor for predicting advanced stage of fibrosis (p=0.028). Conclusion: Our results highlight miR-29b and CLDN as novel predictors of advanced stage of liver fibrosis and baseline HCV RNA in CHC.]]>}</description>
		</item><item>
		<title>Differential-Sensitivity-of-Kupffer-Cells-and-Hepatic-Monocyte-Derived-Macrophages-to-Bacterial-Lipopolysaccharide</title>
		<pubDate>07-Sep-2019</pubDate>
<link>http://jceg.edwiserinternational.com/admin/uploads/mFjhKd.pdf</link>
		<author>Katherine-Roth-Cheryl-E-Rockwell-and-Bryan-L-Co</author>
		<comments>{http://www.edwiserinternational.com/contact-us.php}</comments>
		<category>Medical Science,Clinical Science</category>
		<description>{<![CDATA[The liver contains two distinct populations of macrophages, monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), which primarily reside proximal to the Glissons capsule and Kupffer cells, which reside within the sinusoids. Kupffer cells infiltrate the liver during embryogenesis and are replenishedfrom local proliferation of mature Kupffer cells. By contrast MDMs arise from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow and are replenished from circulating monocytes. Studies have revealed that these two hepatic macrophage populations possess distinct transcriptomic profiles, suggesting that they may be functionally distinct. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that MDMs and Kupffer cells are differentially sensitive to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). MDMs and Kupffer cells were purified to greater than 90% from the livers of mice by using magnetic beads labeled with Cx3cr1 antibody for MDMs and F4/80 antibody for Kupffer cells. Basal levels of tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) mRNA were higher in MDMs when compared to Kupffer cells. After treatment with LPS, mRNA levels of TNF-, Cxcl1, and Cxcl2 were increased to a greater extent in MDMs when compared to Kupffer cells. To confirm these findings, Kupffer cells and MDMs were isolated from mice in which bone marrow transplantation was used to selectively tag cells arising from hematopoietic stem cells in adult mice. Similar to above, treatment of MDMs with LPS increased TNF-, Cxcl1, and Cxcl2 to a greater extent when compared to Kupffer cells. Collectively, these results indicate that MDMs exhibit a greater pro-inflammatory phenotype in the liver when exposed to LPS.]]>}</description>
		</item><item>
		<title>Accuracy-of-Fecal-Calprotectin-in-Detecting-Small-Bowel-Crohns-Disease-A-Meta-Analysis-and-Systematic-Review</title>
		<pubDate>11-Feb-2020</pubDate>
<link>http://jceg.edwiserinternational.com/admin/uploads/7Mz1yT.pdf</link>
		<author>Das-M-Asghar-M-Martin-DK-et-al</author>
		<comments>{http://www.edwiserinternational.com/contact-us.php}</comments>
		<category>Medical Science,Clinical Science</category>
		<description>{<![CDATA[Background: Identifying active small bowel Crohns Disease (CD) is often challenging due to various reasons. The location of Crohns disease and often the disease process itself make direct visualization difficult. Fecal calprotectin (FCP) is a well-established marker of mucosal inflammation. Several studies have confirmed FCPs utility in colonic inflammation; however, the diagnostic accuracy in active small bowel inflammation had yet to be established. The aim of the present study is to update the previous meta-analysis of FCP and its diagnostic accuracy in detecting active small bowel Crohns disease. Methods: Study Selection Criteria: A comprehensive search was performed using PubMed/OVID studies. Studies from 2010 until 2018 addressing patients with suspected or known CD and evaluated with noninvasive testing with FCP and confirming disease with video capsule endoscopy or imaging were included. Studies in which a 2  2 table with true positives, false negatives, false positives and true negative values could be constructed were included. Statistical Method: Meta-analysis for the diagnostic accuracy of fecal calprotectin in diagnosing active small bowel CD was performed by calculating pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity, likelihood rations, and diagnostic odds ratios. Pooling was conducted by both fixed and random effects models. Results: Data was extracted from 17 studies which met the inclusion criteria. In CD patients, pooled sensitivity of fecal calprotectin was 76.50% (95% CI: 73.00  79.00) in diagnosing small bowel Crohns disease. Fecal calprotectin had a pooled specificity of 71.10% (95% CI: 68.00  73.00) for detecting active small bowel Crohns disease. The diagnostic odds ratio, of having active small bowel disease with elevated FCP was 12.28 (95% CI: 6.55  23.01). The positive likelihood ratio of FCP was 3.09 (95% CI: 2.16  4.41), and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.30 (95% CI: 0.21  0.43). Conclusion: Fecal calprotectin has moderate diagnostic accuracy for detecting active small bowel CD. Our results suggest a fecal calprotectin of at least 50 g/g has moderate sensitivity and specificity in detecting active small bowel disease.]]>}</description>
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